Love in Different Cultures of the World

Love in Different Cultures of the World Analysis of the Word In most cultures of the world, love is something that is highly cherished. As Anker (2004) notes, most of the world’s cultures lay a lot of emphasis on love. The culture from which this word was taken is not different. Swahili culture is found along the coast of Kenya and Tanzania, which are two neighboring countries in Africa. Penda has a very strong cultural sense and it raises emotions whenever it is mentioned. The word may not find its rightful meaning in English due to the meaning that is attached to it by this society. It is something that is almost worshipped, even though it is not always the case. It finds its closest meaning in the word love. The sentence ‘nakupenda kipenzi’ is a heavily loaded word. It is an expression of a deep passion, a strong sense of adoration and the need to be together always. In a normal English phrase, it would translate to ‘I love you my love’. Taken in its real context, it is beyond this Engli sh word. The love is close to worship.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Love in Different Cultures of the World specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The society in which this word was taken value romance. They value relationships between couples. They generated other words to describe the feeling that two individuals would develop towards each other when in love and the best word that came out among the rest was penda. In pronunciation, the word should come out in a hushed up tone, with a sense of romance. Penda should be the right pronunciation. The first syllable should come out with a flat intonation, followed by a falling intonation just to bring emotions attached to the word. The love for romance saw them restrict the use of the word hence limiting its use to express the feelings between two lovers and one’s love for the country. Chomsky (1973) says that this society strongly believed that the word could only be used to show one is ready to sacrifice his or her life for the sake of that which he or she is expressing his or her feelings. The word penda was used selectively and in rare occasions. In fact, Gouran, Wiethoff and Doelger (1994) report that the society never tolerated people who misused the word. The word was meant for special occasions to express strong and genuine convictions towards certain people, one’s country or something of value. As Meyer and Bock (1992) note, in its original context, this word could only be used when talking about issues that the society in general valued. This meant that it could not be used in reference to things the society considered childish or of lesser value (Andriacco, 2001). Words such as ‘Sara anapenda doli’ (Sara loves dolls), would therefore lack meaning. This is because the society never valued this item and it was something that was associated with young children who were taken not to know what love really meant.Adver tising Looking for essay on cultural studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This word was used to express the deepest feelings. Schutz (1958) lamented that English vocabulary is limited of words. As used in the sentence ‘Charles na Joan wanapendana’ (Charles and Joan are in love), this sentence expresses the strong bond built out of a strong feeling of the need to belong together. The sentence, Wale ni wapendanao (Those are lovers) has this emotional touch but from an observer’s standpoint. This is the same meaning of the sentence, ‘naipenda nchi yangu’ (I love my country). Patriotism was then a cherished virtue in the society. Patriots of war were generously rewarded for their contribution in protecting the society. In many societies, just like in this society, love for ones country was a virtue that was encouraged because it was only through this that an individual would be in a p osition to defend the country if need would arise (Zueschner, 1997). For that matter, the word has the correct traditional meaning. As time went by, this society started mingling with other societies. New things that never existed before came into existence. Words had to be developed to express the new feeling or name new objects (Stern, Weinrib, 1978). There was need to expand the meaning of existing words to accommodate the diversified culture due to interactivity of many cultures in this cosmopolitan region. The word had to take a relaxed meaning. It had to be used to express the feeling of liking. As Tannen (1990) notes, the word was diluted along the way. Sentences such as Alex anapenda Manchester United (Alex loves Manchester United FC), and Solomoni apenda kuzuru. (Solomoni loves tours and travels) gained acceptance. The society had to relax its meaning of this word (Trenholm, 1995). In the current society, the word has assumed quite a liberal meaning. Although it remains a single word expressing love or adoration in the best way possible, the word can now be used to express simple liking of things within the society.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Love in Different Cultures of the World specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The two sentences, Solomoni apenda kuzuru. (Solomoni loves tours and travels), Waamerika wanapenda amani (Americans love peace), and Napenda chai. (I love tea), reflect this. The sentences show a liking of an item but not to the point of adoration. References Andriacco, D. (2001). Screen saved: Peril and promise of media in ministry. Cincinnati, OH: Saint Anthony Messenger Press Franciscan Communications. Anker, R. M. (2004). Catching light: Looking for God in the movies. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans. Chomsky, N. (1973). Focus on the learner. Rowley, Massachusetts: Newbury House Gouran, D., Wiethoff, G., Doelger, J. (1994). Mastering communication(2nd ed). Boston: Allyn an d Bacon. Meyer, A., Bock, K. (1992). The tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon: Blocking or partial activation? Memory Cognition, 20(1), 715-726. Schutz, W. (1958). Firo: A three-dimensional theory of interpersonal behavior. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.Advertising Looking for essay on cultural studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Stern, H., Weinrib, A. (1978). Language teaching and linguistics: Surveys. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Tannen, D. (1990). You Just Don’t Understand: Women and Men in Conversation. New York: William Morrow. Trenholm, S. (1995). Thinking through communication: An Introduction to the study of human communication. Boston: Allyn and Bacon. Zueschner, R. (1997). Communicating Today. Boston: Allyn and Bacon. Maitai J. (2011). An ins in Sentence Nakupenda kipenzi. (I love you my love)  Source: Maitai J. (2011). An in-depth analysis of Swahili culture. Nairobi. McMillan Publishers Limited. (p. 25) Napenda chai. (I love tea)  Source: Maitai J. (2011). An in-depth analysis of Swahili culture. Nairobi. McMillan Publishers Limited. (p. 31) Charles na Joan wanapendana. (Charles and Joan are in love).  Source: Maitai J. (2011). An in-depth analysis of Swahili culture. Nairobi. McMillan Publishers Limited. (p. 21) Alex anapenda Manchester United. (Alex loves Manchest er United FC)  Source: Maitai J. (2011). An in-depth analysis of Swahili culture. Nairobi. McMillan Publishers Limited. (p. 45) Solomoni apenda kuzuru. (Solomoni loves tours and travels)  Source: Maitai J. (2011). An in-depth analysis of Swahili culture. Nairobi. McMillan Publishers Limited. (p. 78) Isaac anapenda siasa. (Isaac loves politics)  Source: Maitai J. (2011). An in-depth analysis of Swahili culture. Nairobi. McMillan Publishers Limited. (p. 23) Waamerika wanapenda amani. (Americans loves peace)  Source: Maitai J. (2011). An in-depth analysis of Swahili culture. Nairobi. McMillan Publishers Limited. (p. 78) Sara anapenda doli. (Sara loves dolls)  Source: Maitai J. (2011). An in-depth analysis of Swahili culture. Nairobi. McMillan Publishers Limited. (p. 19) Wale ni wapendanao. (Those are lovers)  Source: Maitai J. (2011). An in-depth analysis of Swahili culture. Nairobi. McMillan Publishers Limited. (p. 71) Naipeda nchi yangu. (I love my country)  Source: Maitai J. (2011). An in-depth analysis of Swahili culture. Nairobi. McMillan Publishers Limited. (p. 63)

Service Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Service - Assignment Example In fact, the company had no policy on how to deal with chronically complaining clients versus this critical case of a one-time customer. According to Churchman, a system is defined as a distinct set of parts that are designed in a coordinated manner to deliver some set objectives (churchman, 1968). In the case of Presto cleaners, the entire business operations formed the core system, and the newly installed computer system was just an additional component to the system. The additional component was expected to streamline business operations and improve efficiency, but it ended up creating inconveniencies. A critical analysis of the vents reveals that the computer system installed was alright, but the root cause of the problem resulted from poor reception of the components into the system. The newly introduced computerized environment was responsible for a change in the system. It is plausible that the general manager at Presto had only one week to familiarize the personnel with the workings of the new computer system. However, the employees took longer than expected to acquaint themselves with the workings of the new system. Ion adequate training resulted in incompetent personnel, who ended up making grave mistakes leading to customer complaints. The system was designed and expected to reduce customer waiting time and improve service delivery. The system was expected to increase the rate of picking and dropping laundry items, hence increase the total bulk of clothes processed daily. It is apparent that there was nothing wrong with the whole system in the first place. It only required the management to create an enabling environment that will make it possible to introduce new components into the system in a smooth transition. The considerations of systems thinking as elucidated by Churchman can serve as vital ingredients in an organization

Transgressors of Convention Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Transgressors of Convention - Essay Example The researcher of the essay "Transgressors of Convention" gives a critique on three works of Modern art. Modern art consists of includes cubism, expressionism and constructivism. Other forms of modern art, examined in this paper, are Primitivism, Avant-Garde and Performance Art. Their relationship to other works in the Modern art era include their similarities in color usage, strength, vividness, shock factor and other types of emotional appeal, minimalist approaches, unexplained elements or nonrepresentational elements, even lack of traditional materials. Their differences show the desire of an artist to be individually judged from their counterparts, despite evidence that explains the subconcious ‘community’ that shows up in all artists’ work. As Sholette writes, â€Å"how can the artist be defined as an autonomous producer detached from politics, history and the market?† given the constant grouping of people, even through debit cards that are created wit h a computer program called â€Å"Clever†. "Clever locates these Web-based fraternities "even before members are aware of their community's existence. And â€Å"the boundary between Self and Other is fluid rather than fixed. And â€Å"the boundary between Self and Other is fluid rather than fixed.† The Activist art collective critiques the bourgeois notion of self-institutionalization. But much of Modern art is simply the â€Å"challenging of the power of realism† by producing pieces with their own power. Die Bruckebegan as an offshoot of German expressionistism.... o be the evolutionary 'bridge' between the man of today and the 'superman' of tomorrow, but instead seemed to show their yearning to return to natural origins. Primitivism provides an alternative to the "sophisticated illusionism" and offered a more 'authentic' way of being. (Stokstad 2002) Three Nudes - Dune Picture from Nidden 1913 This work is representative of that which draws from primitivistic concepts2 of Africa, South America, "children and the mentally ill." (Stokstad 2002) Semi-representational, the figures in the piece are developed as a part of the whole instead of being separated from the background, as in portrait work. The message seems to be about the unity between these women figures and Nature. Considered crude drawing and simplistic in its arrangement of elements, the composition holds power in its saturation of color, the strength of its lines, the movement of its forms. Despite its seeming lack of thought, the design elements are planned and executed as well as a formal painting. The Die Brucke artists did go back to Nature to northern Germany during their summer breaks and their paintings often reflected their dislike for urban life, urban alienation. The contrasts are shown from their paintings of the psychological distancing of city society (Kirchner, Street, Berlin) to the inviting warmth of Three Nudes. (Stokstad 2002) Perhaps the freedom felt by more citizens of Europe in the early part of last century led the Die Brucke artists toward greater criticism of their world, to Expressionism and Activist art. But it was still not socially acceptable. 2 The word 'primitive' . . . categorized art of Africa, Pacific Islands and indigenous Americas . . . means 'early' . . . implies that these civilizations are frozen in their cultural development

The Development of the Marketing Thought Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Development of the Marketing Thought - Essay Example These forces, while closely interrelated, produced fickle consumer markets which are more sensitive to price, services, and such other features which create customer value that a slight difference would equate to huge economic losses. From transactional marketing to relational marketing follows a tool for building customer relationships: customer relationship management. If developed and implemented effectively, Strategic CRM has been a guiding tool for most businesses today in competition-filled markets for without a loyal customer base, the business will eventually remain stagnant and cease to exist. After more than a decade of confining the marketing concept as â€Å"a process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion, and distribution of ideas, goods, and services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational objectives,† the American Marketing Association developed another definition of marketing, describing it as â€Å"...an organizational function and a set of processes for creating, communicating and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders.† ... s, marketing evolved from a cold means to maneuver a product into the market in both ways strategical and tactical to a humanitarian obligation that likewise yields two-way benefits; only that in the second definition, marketing purports to be the only tool to stay profitable in the industry taking into consideration the radical changes in the business environment. In brief from a product-oriented approach, organizations now divert their attention to their customers and in creating a profitable rapport with them. Marketing Paradigm Shift? The so-called shift in marketing paradigm is seemingly misguiding as what a few authors contest. What is considered a paradigm shift is not applicable to how the marketing concept evolved from transactional into being relational. Some studies have indicated that transactional and relational marketing may still co-exist today although the former is slowly dominated by the latter with the rise of the web technology where direct marketing became virtua lly possible not to mention, efficient for both buyer and seller. Business firms used to concentrate only on the mass production of goods with less or without particular consideration to consumer relations knowing that the consumers will patronize such products anyway through an unsegmented promotional technique. There was technically no form of personality and individuality -- absence of a human touch. In the business equation, there were only enthusiastic retailers and submissive buyers; therefore in theory, businesses did not consider the profitability of confining the emotional link in between human transactions. In the early 1980s, Len Berry coined the term relationship marketing, describing it as the strategical approach that invites, improves, and maintains customer relationships.

U.S Is On Its Way :: essays research papers

The Asian financial crisis serves as a timely reminder of a fact too often overlooked: Merchant banking is the leading edge of shareholder activism. Indeed, one of the chief traits shared by hard-hit Pacific Rim economies is a decided lack of such activism. As a result, their companies are less prepared than they might be for global competition. To one degree or another, much the same holds true in other markets abroad. U.S. companies, in contrast, have seen their competitive ability markedly strengthened by shareholder activism. And much credit goes to merchant banking--that is, private investors managing their own capital. True investor activism as practiced by such financial buyers has created a new model for American enterprise. That model is based on highly leveraged capital structures, on compensation and equity ownership that align the interests of managers with owners, and on effective corporate governance mechanisms to monitor and control the use of free cash flow. All have the objective of maximizing value. Contrary to popular perception, the strategies of merchant banks involve not just financial engineering, but also growth, which would not be achievable without risk capital. In the buyout world, we have seen a fundamental shift from the 1980s mantra of "unlocking value"--capitalizing on arbitrage opportunities and market inefficiencies. Today, the emphasis is on creating value by molding strategic direction, giving incentives to and empowering managers, and rationalizing operations. Increasingly, merchant banks are the key agents of change. In the 1980s, parts of the manufacturing and retailing sectors were entirely reconfigured by leveraged-buyout activity. In the 1990s, financial buyers have changed the landscape of such industries as media, broadcasting, business services, printing and publishing, and food and health services. America's technological reemergence, captured in part by the Silicon Valley phenomenon, has been fueled by venture capital. And for more mature industries, LBOs have triggered corporate renewal. Countless academic studies and real-world examples have highlighted the perils of the corporate governance status quo sans LBO: the central conflict between owners and managers over the control and use of corporate resources, the unenlightened use of free cash flow, and the scrutiny of and pressure on quarter-to-quarter earnings growth versus long-term growth and value creation. By severely constraining and imposing restrictions on the use of free cash flow, LBOs force only positive net present value capital decisions. Studies have shown that operating cash flow increased on average by about 40 percent in a one-to-four-year time frame following the transaction.

Black Pillow by Frank Moore

Black Pillow 2002 by Frank Moore is set on a cornfield during daylight. In the background of the canvas there is a large factory with some plants and butterflies. The edge of this artwork has a yellow border and parts of this canvas are also lightly filled with the color yellow as well. On the left side of the canvas, there is a farmer in overalls that does not seem like he cares about what he is doing, pumping gas into the roots of the cornfield as he glowers into space.One the bottom of the canvas you can find the gasoline spilling all over the pillow of the cornfield, the white roots from the corn stand out from the black color of the gasoline. The art elements shown in â€Å"Black Pillow† are that it has a very warm feel to it since warm colors are used; it almost makes you feel like you are there outside in the hot field and gasoline. It is loosely spaced out since there is no color in the background that fills it up a lot except for some yellow lines and spots. It defini tely has bold colors to it and has no greyscale in it.The yellow has a significant contrast from the background and the black as well. The line of the corn leaves looks very alive and natural while the roots in the gasoline are stiff, rough and dead looking. This canvas shows how humans and industrialization are harming the corn crops by the gasoline, since gasoline consists of ten percent ethanol which comes from cornfields. The color yellow in the border of this artwork symbolizes rotting, heat, decay and death. Which fits in well with this theme since the careless farmer is pumping gas all over the roots of the cornfield.The gasoline which represents the color black means the coldness, negativity and evil that is pouring and taking over the corn which the color yellow can also symbolize joy, happiness, and optimism. The white root of the corn symbolizes how the innocence is being besieged by the gasoline’s coldness and evil. The gasoline in the pillow of the soil is where it gets its name â€Å"Black Pillow†. Personally, I believe Frank Moore got his message across in this artwork. He is portraying the decay of cornfields because of the increase in oil industry.The color symbolism is prevalent because the oil is the evil that is invading the cornfields for the benefit of more resources. It shows the evolution of where the oil comes from and how it is not used properly and is wasted on an everyday basis which causes pollution. Frank Moore’s point for this artwork is to show how ignoble humans are today and how bestial we are to our world enervating its natural beauty for our own selfish purposes. This topic is very imperative to our society today since gasoline is in high demands and our world’s pollution is getting worse by each day.

Key Factors That Influence The Success Of A Business

Introduction The global economy continues to grow in the 21st century based on the continuous developing success of businesses. It can be argued that there are many important factors that will influence the success of a business. However these two assets have been highly valued as they are linked to organisational success. 1. Business Relationships 2. Reputation Dr. Robert Cialdini is a professor who has spent his entire career researching the science of influence and acquired an international reputation of being an expert in his field. (Cialdini, 2016) Dr. Cialdini developed his scientific findings for human interaction, which he refers to as the Six Principles of Influence. We will analyse if these principles have continue to stay relevant in the 21st century’s global economy. Business Relationships What is a business relationship? It is said that â€Å"relationships† are the fuel that feeds your â€Å"business†. It takes dedication to develop and maintain not only a business relationship but also important to make it a successful one. To be able to develop and maintain successful business relationships is acknowledged in practice. However, this can be complex process of finding factual evidence in academic literature. Why are Business Relationships important? The importance of business relationships can take various different forms. †¢ As a company, this is a great way for you to connect with your clients and customers. †¢ Relationships with other companies are alsoShow MoreRelatedFactors That Influence Risk Levels On The Hospitality Industry1207 Words   |  5 PagesThis essay will critically analyse factors that influence risk levels in the hospitality industry. Further to this, recommendations on risk handling will be put forward to lessen these risks. 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